We could solve the problem by modifying the script as follows:
Instead of
module load OpenMPI
mpirun /home/user/.local/easybuild/software/openCARP/17.0-foss-2023b/bin/openCARP +F MurineMouseCalibratedCV_BlockModel_v17.par
use
module use /home/user/.local/easybuild/modules/all
module load openCARP/17.0-foss-2023b
mpirun /home/user/.local/easybuild/software/openCARP/17.0-foss-2023b/bin/openCARP +F MurineMouseCalibratedCV_BlockModel_v17.par
resulting in a final script:
#!/usr/bin/bash
#SBATCH --ntasks=8
#SBATCH --account=[…]
#SBATCH --partition=[…]
#SBATCH --cpus-per-task 1
#SBATCH --time=0:30:00
export OMP_NUM_THREADS=1
module use /home/user/.local/easybuild/modules/all
module load openCARP/17.0-foss-2023b
mpirun /home/user/.local/easybuild/software/openCARP/17.0-foss-2023b/bin/openCARP +F MurineMouseCalibratedCV_BlockModel_v17.par
scontrol show job $SLURM_JOB_ID
scontrol write batch_script $SLURM_JOB_ID -